Final del Capítulo 5...

After Easter we'll quickly review the numbers, the days of the week and the months of the year and complete Capítulo 5. I asked you to read the Estructura from page 188 (Textbook) and review the Workbook page 84, reviewing the Spanish expressions with ¡Qué...!: ¡Qué sorpresa! ¡Qué lástima! ¡Qué triste! ¡Qué volcán! ¡Qué teatro! ¡Qué parque! ¡Qué playa! ¡Qué película! ¡Qué autobús! ¡Qué partido! ¡Qué fantástico! Etc. In Costa Rica they have expressions like "¡Qué chiva! (for "way cool" or just "cool" or "neat" or "awesome"), besides others like ¡Pura vida! (which really means "pure life") but ticos use it also for "cool." I also asked you to read page 193 (Texbook) to read a little more about Costa Rica.

We also have expressions like ¡Qué mala nota! (for "that's not cool" or "bummer"), and mae or maje for "dude" (it's a friendly expression). We also use chunche for "thing" or "thingamajig" and diay or idiay for "well?" We call blondes machos (macha - blonde girl and macho - blonde guy). And say "por dicha" a lot; which means "luckily." So as you can see, we have many typical and original expressions. 

Please review the months of the year in Spanish:

Write them down in your notebooks with their respective English translation. Check the links "Months of the Year 1" and "Months of the Year 2" under "Fave" Links. Also write the higher numbers in your notebooks (you should already know the numbers 1 - 100, if you forgot them, please review the link Numbers (click this link or go to "Fave" Links). You can also practice here: Números (con el señor Jordan).

Capítulo 5 - Continues... ("Continúa")

Direct Object Pronouns

Please copy the following in your notebooks (notes) or copy in a Word document or Pages and print for yourself. This will help you understand better the "Direct Object Pronouns." Also, for the test next Friday, March 22, 2013, review the handouts I gave you on Verbo Tener, pages 55, 56 and 57, and on Direct Object Pronouns, pages 61 - 64 (of the Grammar & Vocabulary Exercises workbook). You will receive other G & V pages next week: p. 66 and p. 67 (Verbo Venir). The following textbook exercises are important too: p. 186 # 7, p. 189 # 14 and p. 197 #29 (Verbo Tener); p. 195 # 24 ("a" personal), p. 196, # 26 and # 28 (Direct Object Pronouns). And from the Workbook: 82, 83, 86, 87, 88, 89, 94 and 95. Also: check this Direct Object Pronouns Video (by Señor Jordan) - more on "Fave" Links on the right.

First of all you must remember that a direct object in a sentence is the person, event or thing affected by the verb. The main difference between the use of the direct object pronouns in Spanish and English is their placement. While in English they substitute the direct object (and its article) and are placed where the original object was, in Spanish this pronoun is placed in front of the verb, replacing also any article used with the object previously.

Personal "a:" When the direct object is a place, the personal "a" is not required. Example (The direct object nouns are underlined): Susana visita el museo - Susana lo visita ("lo" is the Direct Object Pronoun). The personal "a" is required when the direct object is a person. Example: Susana visita a Cristina - Susana la visita ("la" is the Direct Object Pronoun or DOP). Also, when the DOP is a person (or persons) and includes a possessive adjective, like Yo llamo a mis primos, you use the personal "a." Other examples (Verbo Ver): Veo a mi amiga, veo a mi mamá, veo a mi prima, ¿ves a tus amigos hoy? and ¿comprendes al profesor? (el profesor) - "al" instead of "a el," remember? (Verbo Comprender) etc. But for "Tengo tres hermanos" you don't use the personal "a." With practice you'll see the difference. You very rarely use the "a personal" with the Verbo Tener. There are some examples that you don't need to learn at this time.

Direct object pronouns (DOP's) are words that replace direct object nouns (DON's). Like in English, Spanish sometimes uses a DOP to avoid repeating a noun already mentioned. Example: Felipe compra el sombrero ("el sombrero" is the direct object noun or DON) - Felipe lo compra ("lo" is the DOP). Another example: Vicky tiene el libro - Vicky lo tiene (which is the DON and which is the DOP?). You must be able to recognize which is which, which is a direct object noun (DON) and which is a direct object pronoun (DOP).

Note: In affirmative sentences the DOP's generally appear before the conjugated verb, like in: Adela practica el tenis ("el tenis" is the DON) - Adela lo practica ("lo" is the DOP). Carmen compra los tiquetes ("los tiquetes" is the DON) - Carmen los compra ("los" is the DOP).

In negative sentences, the pronoun is placed between the word NO and the verb. Examples: Pablo no tiene los zapatos - Pablo no los tiene; Diego no tiene las llaves - Diego no las tiene.

When the verb is an "infinitive construction," like "van a escribir" or "van a mirar," the DOP can be placed before the conjugated form. Examples: Ellos van a escribir unas cartas - Ellos las van a escribir. Lidia va a ver una película - Lidia la va a ver. You can also say: Ellos van a escribirlas (notice how the DOP "las" moves to the end of the verb) and Lidia va a verla ("la" moves to the end of the verb too).

To understand the personal "a" and the "DOP's" better, I need you to work on the following exercises: Workbook page 86 - for No. 9, I also want you to create sentences with the DOP's. Example: Todos los días llevo el perro al parque ("llevo" from "llevar" is the verb, "el perro" is the DON) - Todos los días lo llevo al parque ("lo" is the DOP). And pages 87 and 88.

As you can see below, the indirect object pronouns agree in number with the corresponding direct object pronouns me, te, nos and os, but not in gender.

This material will be included in the test of March 22nd,as well as all the Workbook exercises for Lección A and some of Lección B, including the Verbo Venir, Workbook pages 94 and 95 (and whatever we cover up to that date). You must also review the -er verbs like Verbo Ver. If you have any questions, please feel free to ask Mrs. Feld.

The months/dates and the numbers 101-999,999 will not be included.

"Verbos Tener" and "Venir:" 

Notice that all the endings are the same except for "nosotros/as" and "vosotros/as."

Reviewing "Ser y Estar" & Capítulo 5

"Una Semana Típica" (A Typical Week) - this is the new chapter's title.

Please start reviewing the new vocabulary from this chapter. I don't expect you to memorize all the expressions on page 182, but need you to recognize them, in order to be able to do the textbook exercises and to do well on a test or quiz. You can start working on the textbook exercises and listen to the Internet Resource Center Textbook Audio Program's mp3's (from the Aventura textbook). Write these new words and expressions in your notebooks and write the Diálogo I. Check page 223 for the translations.

You should be able to easily answer or complete the exercises from Vocabulario I. If you check the exercises online you will understand them better.

On Thursday, March 7, 2013 you will have a Quiz on "Ser y Estar." You must be able to know when to use "Ser" and when to use "Estar." Review the PowerPoint in Edmodo (about these two irregular verbs). Review previous blog entries too. Remember to complete pages 76 - 79 from your Workbook.

TEST on Capítulo 5 (whole chapter): Friday, March 22nd, 2013.

You must memorize the "verbo Tener" (another irregular verb) and learn how to use it in sentences. Study page 186, and the handouts I gave you (to work in groups). In this chapter you will also learn about Costa Rica, and since this is my country, I can tell you a lot about it, so I need you to come prepared to ask me questions. We will read pages 185 and 193. Several chapter exercises make references to Costa Rica. Read more about Costa Rica on this CIA link: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/cs.html.

Verbo Tener

(click to enlarge)

(notice how the endings of this verb are the same as the endings of 
the Verbo Comer for "nosotros" and "vosotros")

Examples:  

¿Cuántos años tienes? Yo tengo 15 años. ¿Cuántos libros tienes en tu mochila? Tengo seis libros grandes. ¿Qué tiene el profesor en la clase de español? Tiene un mapa de Costa Rica. ¿Qué tiene tu hermano en su mochila? Tiene dos cuadernos, tres libros y seis CDs. Daniel tiene una revista. Tu abuela tiene una casa muy bonita. Tus padres tienen un equipo de sonido muy bueno. Mi mamá tiene tres hermanas. ¿Cuántos hermanos tienes tú? Yo tengo un hermano y dos hermanas. Nosotros tenemos frío. Tenéis dinero? Mis tías tienen muchas revistas. Try to come up with more sentences (this will be a question on your next test, sometime this month).

Notice the word "muchas" above, which means many. Depending on the noun and gender and whether it's singular or plural, you use mucho, mucha, muchos, muchas. Examples: Tu hermano tiene mucho dinero. Ella tiene muchos libros. La profesora tiene mucha ropa. Tu prima tiene muchas revistas. Remember that you can also say "mucho gusto." 

Also remember what you saw in the video about the "Verbo Tener:" (You should have this in your notes!) And ORGANIZE yourself, put the handouts in a folder, like I said before: you should have a folder for each Chapter! Organization is the key to success!

1. tener + [noun] - "to be + adjective." Examples: Tengo razón - I am right. Tengo hambre - I am hungry. Tengo sed - I am thirsty. No tiene hambre, tiene sed. He is not hungry, he is thirsty. No tienen calor, tienen frío - They are not hot, they are cold. 
2. tener que + [infinitive] - "to have to + [infinitive]." Examples: Tengo que trabajar el sábado - I have to work on Saturday. Tengo que ir de compras. Tengo que ir al colegio. Tengo que hacer ejercicio. Tengo que leer. Tengo que estudiar. (You should be able to translate the ones that I didn't translate)
3. tener ganas de + [infinitive] - to feel like + [infinitive). Examples: ¿Tienes ganas de estudiar biología? Do you feel like studying biology? Response: No, tengo ganas de escuchar música. No, I feel like listening to music. (Escuchar = to listen; oír = to hear)

Also check these two videos, from el señor Jordan: Verbo Tener 1 and Verbo Tener 2.

If you have any questions, please feel free to ask señora Feld. Sorry about the different "fonts" - Blogger is giving me a little problem and changing the font I'm trying to use (Trebuchet) for some reason.